Education in Egypt

Education in Egypt

Egyptian educational system is highly centralized system under the control of the central government in Cairo. And is divided into the following phases:

* Basic Education
o primary education
o prep education
* Secondary Education
* Post-secondary education

View of the extension of compulsory education in Egypt to cover the preparatory phase, the integration of lower secondary and primary schools to be the so-called "basic education" in the Egyptian education system. And education is beyond the capacity of these phases on the same student.


Primary education

Egyptian law, children are forced to take and pass the primary school. Attend the majority of children attend these schools, except to drop out of education. This phase aims to give children a minimum of education


Secondary education

Secondary education is divided into three different sections: the General, technical and professional level.


General secondary education

Is the establishment of a modern education to the early last century by Italian, French missionary

The duration of general secondary education, three years of study. In the first year (first grade secondary) students of the scientific and literary, and these materials are: Arabic, English, second foreign language (German, or French, or Italian, or Spanish) as the province where the student learns, and materials science (chemistry, biology, physics), and geography and history and philosophy. In the latest amendment to the school system is divided into two chapters, the first group is studying chemistry, biology and history, while the second group is studying physics and philosophy and geography. Then the two groups exchange roles in the second half of the school.

The second and third year of secondary education General secondary collectively, depending on the degree the student is part of the three Oksabim: either a scientific sport, science, scientific, or literary. Each section of these sections focuses on a specific group of subjects. To be completed in the second year student studying second language Alognip, and stop the study in the third year. Brings the total students in the past. Identifies the total university student input.

Given the cause of education of the psychological and financial pressure on the parents of the students, the restructuring of the educational system in Egypt in the agenda of the Egyptian Ministry of Education, where speculate that there are plans and a new system of education in Egypt, which is the final stages of preparation. And quote this new education system leaves much to be found in education systems Diploma of America. Nea Nea

Technical secondary education

This type of education programs that take 3 or 5 years. And contains the following fields: industrial, commercial and agricultural.



The educational system in the Al-Azhar


Run the education system in Al-Azhar Supreme Council of the Institute of Al-Azhar, which is autonomous from the Ministry of Education and monitored by the Prime Minister of Egypt.

Al-Azhar schools are usually called the "Institutes" and include the following stages: primary, preparatory and secondary schools. These institutes in the fields of others studying the religious to some degree but not as intense as it is in public education. All students in these institutions and separating between Muslim students and students in the secondary stages Aldrasepaliaadadip and Al Azhar. Azhar institutes spread throughout Egypt, especially in rural areas, can also complement the secondary school student of Al Azhar university education in the completion of Al-Azhar University.


Education after-secondary

Egypt has two types of institutes of higher education institutions are either private or public institutions. The public higher education in Egypt free of charge except for payment of a registration. On the other hand, the Egyptian private institutes too expensive compared to the per capita income in Egypt. Bbbb of the Egyptian government's top universities

* Cairo University, estimated the number of students demanded 100.000 b
* Alexandria University
* Al-Azhar University is considered one of the oldest universities to the point of the Earth's estimated age b in 1000.

Months of the Egyptian private universities

* American University in Cairo
* Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport.
* Misr International University.


Types of schools

Public schools

Generally divided into two types of public schools

*
o examine the schools through the Arabic language: government education taught through the use of Arabic
o pilot schools: The school curricula across the English language in addition to teaching the French language.

Private Schools

Special schools generally divided into three types:

*
o ordinary schools: taught courses similar to the government, but usually the student Mathtm more than public schools because of the financial support of the existing
o schools language: taught courses similar to the English government, but in addition to the teaching of French and German languages.
o religious schools: These schools derive support from the Muslim Brotherhood to be returned in the western part of the delta. The different approaches presented in this report on the schools in the school of Al-backed government.



Illiteracy

Illiteracy is in Egypt, of the problems that hinder the programs of the State Development and Reform Commission. The percentage of educated people in Egypt (according to the report of the United Nations Human Development 2006) 71.4% of adults (15 years and over) and 84.9% for youth (from 15 to 24 years) according to 2004 statistics. Estimated proportion in 2005 Istia those who read and write 83% of males and 59.4% of females according to a book realities of the world [3].

According to official statistics, the number of illiterates in Egypt is 17 million people in 2006 to approximately (20%), but that some intellectuals in Egypt is likely that the illiteracy rate of up to 50% of the population. In the statistic by the Guinness Book of States estimated illiteracy rate in Egypt at about 45% of the population in 2000 from the other statistics of UNESCO in 2003 showed that the proportion of illiteracy among males over the age of 15 is common in Egypt, 42% of the male population and 53% for females over the age of 15 Common

History

The history of literacy is in Egypt to the end of the nineteenth century in attempts began in 1886. But it did not take the legal form as it had not been implemented on a national scale and widespread. Continued these efforts by the leaders of the national struggle in the beginning of the twentieth century that was the first law of literacy in the year 1944, and implementation is entrusted to the Ministry of Social Affairs

Egypt adopted the law of compulsory education for children between the ages of 6 to 12 years old in 1953 and Egypt has adopted a policy to combat illiteracy in 1976, the program has been able literacy 4.5 million people, but that in spite of the decrease in the proportion of illiteracy among the population, the increase in the numbers of illiterates and rates of population growth large in Egypt; According to official reports, the number of Egyptians who were ignorant of reading and writing the 14 million people in 1976 and went to the 17 million illiterate in 2006

Places of illiteracy

The illiteracy rate among females is higher than the males, are in rural areas more than urban areas in general and the high illiteracy rate in general in the provinces and province-level lake and is the province of Fayoum is the largest province with the largest number of illiterate people throughout the Arab Republic of Egypt, according to official statistics, and an estimated 595 A mother or the equivalent of 42% of the population of the province, while in the province of Minya province, 37% and 37% in Assiut province, the lake, and finally 35%, however, and despite the decline in illiteracy rates in the provinces of Lower Egypt and urban governorates, however, that the number of illiterates are concentrated where the largest containing 5 provinces in the number of illiterates and the Governorate of Cairo, a province of the lake and the comfort and Giza governorate and the East where the illiteracy rate is about 28%